What is the difference between locating and clamping in workholding?

Locating establishes the precise spatial coordinates and geometric orientation of the workpiece relative to the machine axis system, whereas clamping secures that established position against the forces generated during cutting. Locating components like dowels, ground stops, and reference blocks absorb primary cutting vectors and set the datum without applying holding pressure. Clamping components apply targeted force to push the workpiece flush against those locating elements, and they should never influence, displace, or establish the part datum on their own.