How is the maximum operating RPM of a chuck on a lathe determined?

The maximum RPM depends on the chuck and the rotating assembly, including the workpiece size, weight, balance, and position relative to the spindle. Loads and moments must be evaluated against the chuck and machine limits; a torque value in Nm alone does not determine a permissible speed.

Approximately 6,000 RPM has been cited for the MaxxMacro (System 3R OEM 100% cross-compatible) 70 Pneumatic Chuck (MM-PCMPR003). This is an example for that chuck, not an operating-speed recommendation for every setup.